国庆专题｜党的十八大以来的新词：国防和军队建设篇
党在新形势下的强军目标
the Party's strong military goal under the new circumstances
2013年3月11日，中共中央总书记、中共中央军委主席习近平在出席十二届全国人大一次会议解放军代表团全体会议时指出，努力建设一支听党指挥、能打胜仗、作风优良的人民军队。
On March 11, 2013, when joining a PLA delegation at a meeting during the annual session of the 12th National People's Congress, Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, for the first time, put forward the goal of building the Chinese military into one that follows the Party, fights to win and forges exemplary conduct.
政治建军 改革强军 依法治军
uphold the right political wills, deepen military reforms, revive the army with technology, govern the army according to law
推进强军事业，必须坚持政治建军、改革强军、科技兴军、依法治军，全面提高国防和军队现代化水平。To strengthen the army, we must uphold the right political wills, deepen military reforms, revive the army with technology, govern the army according to law, and raise the level of national security, and modernize the army in all aspects.改革强军战略
the strategy of strengthening the military through reforms
领导干部要严以修身、严以用权、严以律己，谋事要实、创业要实、做人要实。Leading cadres should be strict in morals, power and disciplining oneself; be honest in decisions, business and behavior.政治生态重塑、组织形态重塑、力量体系重塑、作风形象重塑the restructuring of the political ecosystem, organization, strength and style
经过5年努力，人民军队实现了政治生态重塑、组织形态重塑、力量体系重塑、作风形象重塑，人民军队重整行装再出发，在中国特色强军之路上迈出了坚实步伐Through five years hard work and efforts, the PLA realized the restructuring of the political ecosystem, organization, strength and style. The army starts all over again, with brand new appearance and move steadfastly toward a stronger army.依法治军
govern the army according to law
要着眼于深入推进依法治军、从严治军，抓住治权这个关键，构建严密的权力运行制约和监督体系。按照决策、执行、监督既相互制约又相互协调的原则区分和配置权力，重点解决军队纪检、巡视、审计、司法监督独立性和权威性不够的问题，以编密扎紧制度的笼子，努力铲除腐败现象滋生蔓延的土壤。组建新的军委纪委，向军委机关部门和战区分别派驻纪检组，推动纪委双重领导体制落到实处。调整组建军委审计署，全部实行派驻审计。组建新的军委政法委，调整军事司法体制，按区域设置军事法院、军事检察院，确保它们依法独立公正行使职权。
The importance of regulating power within the military demands a strict system to regulate and supervise the use of power. Decision-making, enforcement and supervision powers should be separated and distributed in a manner that ensures they serve as checks and balances on each other but also run in parallel.Solving the problem of weak discipline enforcement and inspection, auditing and judicial supervision processes of the military are paramount,which demand to eradicate the "soil" of corruption with stricter rules and systems. A new discipline inspection commission will be established within the CMC and disciplinary inspectors will be sent to CMC departments and zone commands. The CMC will have an audit office and a political and legal affairs commission. The independent and fair exertion of judicial power by military courts and procuratorates will be ensured with adjustments to the military judicial system.
军民融合发展战略
the development strategy of civil-military integration
推进强军事业，必须深入推进军民融合发展，构建军民一体化的国家战略体系和能力。
To build a strong army, we must carry out integrated military and civilian development and build a national integrated military and civilian strategic system and capability.
3月12日，国家主席习近平强调，深入实施军民融合，以加强国防和武装部队的战斗力。
Chinese President Xi Jinping on Thursday called to strengthen China's national defense and the combativeness of its armed forces, by greater civil-military integration.
军委多部门制
multi-department structure of the Central Military Commission (CMC)
军委调整后实行多部门制（multi-department structure），设15个职能部门，由中央军委（Central Military Commission，CMC）直接管辖。军委原有体制为总部制，在中央军委下设总参谋部（General Staff Headquarters）、总政治部（General Political Department）、总后勤部（General Logistics Department）、总装备部（General Armament Department）四总部。
改革后的15个部门具体由三委、一办、六部、五直属构成。三委（three commissions）具体包括：军委纪委（commission of discipline inspection）、军委政法委（commission of politics and law）、军委科技委（commission of science and technology）。六部（six departments）：联合参谋部（joint staff department）、政治工作部（political work department）、后勤保障部（logistical support department）、装备发展部（equipment development department）、训练管理部（training department）、国防动员部（national defense mobilization department）。一办（one office）：军委办公厅（the general office）。五直属（five divisions）：战略规划办公室（strategic planning office）、改革和编制办公室（reform and organizational structure office）、国际军事合作办公室（international cooperation office）、军委审计署（audit office）、机关事务管理总局（administration office）。
解放军“五大军种”
PLA's armed services
陆军: the PLA Army
海军：The PLA Navy
空军：The PLA Air Force
火箭军 the PLA Rocket Force
战略支援部队 the PLA Strategic Support Force
09
火箭军
the PLA Rocket Force
2015年12月31日，中国人民解放军火箭军正式成立。火箭军是我国战略威胁的核心力量，是我国大国地位的战略支撑，是维护国家安全的重要基石。
On December 31, 2015, an inauguration ceremony was held for the PLA Strategic Support Force in Beijing. The PLA Rocket Force is a core force of strategic deterrence, a strategic buttress to the country's position as a major power, and an important building block in upholding national security.
战略支援部队
the PLA Strategic Support Force
战略支援部队是维护国家安全的新型作战力量，是我军新作战能力的重要增长点，主要是将战略性、基础性、支撑性都很强的各类保障力量进行功能整合后组建而成的。
the PLA Strategic Support Force is a a new force in safeguarding national security and also a an important growth point of the Chinese military in modern war. It will improve the integration of the PLA's support systems and the links between civilian and defense sectors.
五大战区
five PLA theater commands
2016年2月1日，中国人民解放军战区成立大会在北京八一大楼隆重举行。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平向东部战区、南部战区、西部战区、北部战区、中部战区授予军旗并发布训令，强调建立东部战区、南部战区、西部战区、北部战区、中部战区，组建战区联合作战指挥机构，是党中央和中央军委着眼实现中国梦强军梦作出的战略决策，是全面实施改革强军战略的标志性举措，是构建我军联合作战体系的历史性进展。
President Xi, also chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC), presented the flags to top officers of the five newly-established theater commands at a ceremony in Beijing, namely Eastern Theater Command, Southern Theater Command, Western Theater Command, Northern Theater Command, Central Theater Command.Xi said the move to establish the theater commands and form the joint battle command system is a strategic decision by the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and the CMC to realize the Chinese dream of a strong military. It is also a landmark progress in implementing the military reforms and building the PLA's joint battle system.
作战指挥体系和领导管理体系
military administration structure and military command system
在11月24日至26日在京举行的中央军委改革工作会议上,在习近平指出，要形成军委总管、战区主战、军种主建的格局。
At the meeting on reforming the armed forces in Beijing held on November 24 to 26,Xi Jinping said, A new structure will be established, in which the CMC takes charge of the overall administration of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and the Chinese People's Armed Police; battle zone commands focus on combats; and different military services pursue their own construction.
对领导管理体制和联合作战指挥体制进行一体设计，通过调整军委总部体制、实行军委多部门制，组建陆军领导机构、健全军兵种领导管理体制，重新调整划设战区、组建战区联合作战指挥机构，健全军委联合作战指挥机构等重大举措，着力构建军委——战区——部队的作战指挥体系和军委——军种——部队的领导管理体系。
Measures designed to integrate the administrative system and the joint battle command system, including a general command center for land forces and enabling the CMC to directly administer and command various military departments. The current regional military commands will be adjusted and regrouped into new battle zone commands supervised by the CMC.The reform will establish a three-tier "CMC - battle zone commands - troops" command system and an administration system that runs from CMC through various services to the troops.
绝对忠诚、善谋打仗、指挥高效、敢打必胜
absolutely loyal, resourceful in fighting, efficient in commanding and courageous and capable of winning wars
建设绝对忠诚、善谋打仗、指挥高效、敢打必胜的联合作战指挥机构
He required building a joint battle command system that is absolutely loyal, resourceful in fighting, efficient in commanding and courageous and capable of winning wars.
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来源：中国共产党新闻网&中国日报、新华社、党和政府的相关文件等